#Layered layout — Dagre

Dagre is kymo's mermaid-faithful hierarchical layout. It's the engine behind flowcharts, state diagrams, ER diagrams and class diagrams — anything that reads as a directed graph of boxes and arrows. kymo uses a pure-Rust port of the same dagre algorithm mermaid.js runs, so positions match mermaid to sub-pixel.

The same graph, laid out two ways — toggle the direction and dagre re-ranks it:

#How it works

Dagre lays a directed graph out in four passes:

1. Rank — assign each node to a layer so every edge points "forward" (cycles are broken first).
2. Order — within each layer, order nodes to minimise edge crossings (barycenter sweeps).
3. Position — assign x/y so ranks are evenly spaced and nodes in a layer don't overlap; node boxes are sized from their label with browser-calibrated text metrics.
4. Route — draw each edge as a spline around the nodes, with a labelled mid-point.

Subgraphs become clusters: a subgraph lays out as a nested box that encloses its members, and an edge to a subgraph id routes to the cluster.

#Steering it

The header's direction token is the main control:

flowchart LR
  start([Start]) --> check{OK?}
  check -->|yes| done([Done])
  check -->|no| start

Nested subgraphs can each carry their own direction, so a left-to-right diagram can hold a top-to-bottom cluster:

flowchart LR
  subgraph pipeline
    direction TB
    a --> b --> c
  end
  in --> pipeline --> out

#Trade-offs

• Best for process flows, state machines, dependency graphs — DAG-shaped data.
• Deterministic — fixed sweep counts and stable tie-breaks, so the same source always lays out identically.
• Not for densely cyclic graphs (it ranks them by breaking cycles) or organic trees (use force-directed for mindmaps).

→ Related: Flowchart, State, Entity Relationship.